Basic Organic Chemistry I

1. Intermolecular forces of attraction: van der Waals forces, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding
2. Homolytic and heterolytic bond fission.
3. Hybridization- Bonding
4. Electron displacements: Inductive, electromeric, resonance, hyperconjugation effect
5. Reaction intermediate- their shape and stability
   • a. carbocations,
   • b. carbanions,
   • c. free radicals,
   • d. carbenes,
   • e. benzynes
6. Acidity and basicity of organic molecules: Alkanes/Alkenes, Alcohols/Phenols/Carboxylic acids, Amines pKa, pKb.
7. Electrophiles and nucleophiles. Nucleophilicity and Basicity
8. Aromaticity and Tautomerism
9. Molecular chirality and Isomerism
   • a. Cycloalkanes (C3 to C8): Relative stability, Baeyer strain theory and Sachse Mohr theory.
   • b. Conformations and Conformational analysis: Ethane, n-butane, ethane derivatives, cyclohexane, monosubstituted and disubstituted cyclohexanes and their relative stabilities.
10. Stereochemistry (Structural- and Stereo-isomerism)
    • Molecular representations: Newman, Sawhorse, Wedge & Dash, Fischer projections and their inter conversions.
11. Geometrical isomerism in unsaturated and cyclic systems: cis–trans and, syn-anti isomerism, E/Z notations. Geometrical isomerism in dienes- Isolated and conjugated systems, determination of configurations.
12. Chirality and optical isomerism: Configurational isomers. Molecules with one or two chiral centres- constitutionally symmetrical and unsymmetrical molecules; Enantiomers and diastereomers. Optical activity, disymmetry, meso compounds, racemic modifications and methods of their resolution; stereochemical nomenclature: erythro/threo, D/L and R/S nomenclature in acyclic systems. Measurement of optical activity: specific rotation.

Books:

1. Morrison, Robert Thornton & Boyd, Robert Neilson Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Seventh Edition, 2005.
2. Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 1), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Sixth Edition, 2003.
3. Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 2: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural Products), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education). Fifth Edition, 1975.
4. Graham Solomons, T.W., Craig B. Fryhle Organic Chemistry, Ninth edition
5. Eliel, E. L. & Wilen, S. H. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds; First Edition, Wiley: London, 1994.
6. Clayden, Greeves Warren and Wothers, Organic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
7. Oxford Chemistry Primers, Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.

Prerequisite: Chemical Principles (CHY111).